The advantages of using distributed optical fiber temperature measurement in the online monitoring system of oil pipelines-INNO

The importance of pipeline monitoring systems

In China, underground pipelines are indispensable material transportation facilities for important systems such as natural gas, dầu, sưởi ấm đô thị, và khí đốt. Nó có ý nghĩa to lớn đối với sự phát triển của nền kinh tế quốc dân và vận chuyển năng lượng và vật liệu. Đồng thời, Các cơ sở đường ống có mức đầu tư rất lớn và hầu hết nằm trong rãnh hoặc chôn dưới mặt đất. Họ có một mức độ che giấu nhất định trong không gian. Nếu chúng bị hư hỏng vì lý do con người hoặc tự nhiên, rất khó để phát hiện chúng kịp thời. Việc rò rỉ chất dễ cháy nổ sẽ mang lại mối nguy hiểm lớn về mặt an toàn. Nếu điều này gây ra tai nạn cháy nổ, nó sẽ gây thiệt hại lớn về kinh tế, và thậm chí gây thương vong đáng kể và mất trật tự xã hội.

Measurement of steam temperature in power plants

Temperature measurement in power plants generally uses thermocouple devices, which are installed on the measured pipeline through temperature sleeves. The temperature sleeves are welded to the pipeline in the form of fillet welds, forming a closed communication space between the sleeve and the pipeline. The thermocouple passes through the sleeve and is exposed in the steam flow field inside the pipeline to achieve the purpose of measuring steam temperature. During the operation of the unit, high-temperature and high-pressure steam flows in the pipeline, and the flow rate of superheated steam is generally 40-50m/s. Due to the presence of the casing, the high-speed steam will continue to flow into the closed steam flow channel of the casing. As one end of the flow channel is closed, steam will form vortices at the closed end, which will cause blow and erosion on the inner wall of the casing, resulting in a thinning of the inner wall thickness of the pipe seat. Especially near the weld seam at the top of the closed steam flow channel of the casing, the deformation of the flow channel caused by the weld seam forms turbulent flow. Vì thế, steam blow and erosion around the weld seam is particularly severe. In the actual operation of the unit, accidents of steam leakage caused by steam blow and erosion thinning of the casing often occur.

Cáp quang phân tán hệ thống đo nhiệt độ

các Hệ thống đo nhiệt độ sợi quang phân tán based on Raman reflection is a new type of fiber optic temperature measurement technology developed in recent years. It has the advantages of ranging, khả năng sử dụng lại, độ phân giải cao, non-destructive alarm, output optical signal, chống nhiễu điện từ, moisture-proof and anti-corrosion, and small error. Vì thế, it can be used for temperature measurement in harsh conditions such as strong electromagnetic fields, điện áp cao, dòng điện cao, dễ cháy và nổ, and complex geometric environments. Due to the complexity and high economic cost of detecting defects caused by corrosion in oil pipelines in oil fields.

Distributed fiber optic sensing measurement technology

Distributed fiber optic sensing measurement is a technology that utilizes the principle of fiber optics to measure continuous lines. Fiber optic can serve as a sensing element and also a component for transmitting temperature. Fiber optic temperature measurement systems can continuously measure environmental parameters distributed along the entire length of the fiber, while obtaining the measured spatial distribution status and information that changes over time. If the optical fiber is laid along the pipeline as a sensing element, any point along the entire length of the optical fiber is a sensitive point, belonging to long-distance measurement. Theoretically, the sensing distance can be any length, the spatial resolution can be any size, the detection range is wide, and the characteristics of the optical fiber are not affected by electromagnetic interference, độ nhạy cao, độ tin cậy cao, chống ăn mòn, khối lượng nhỏ, and many other advantages. It can meet the real-time online warning monitoring of various situations along dozens of kilometers of pipelines.

FJINNO has independently developed an online monitoring system for oil pipelines based on a distributed fiber optic temperature measurement system. It can accurately judge various types of defects on the inner wall of oil pipelines without damaging the pipeline, and accurately locate the spatial location of defects. The monitoring system can measure and obtain parameters such as temperature, áp lực , and fluid velocity. By inputting these parameters into the experimental data fitting formula, the wall thickness at the defect on the inner wall of the pipeline can be accurately calculated. The development of this monitoring system is of great significance for the safe operation of oil pipelines.

Fiber optic monitoring device for pipeline vibration

Fiber optic vibration sensors can monitor and analyze municipal pipelines such as natural gas in real-time, enabling the detection and early warning of natural gas pipeline infringement incidents and the detection and analysis of damage and leakage points.
Pipeline vibration fiber optic monitoring system, including fiber optic sensors, máy chủ đo nhiệt độ sợi quang, hệ thống giám sát, and alarm warning display screen, vân vân; Fiber optic sensors are fixed to the pipeline, including fiber optic cables laid along the pipeline and clamps used for installing fiber optic cables and forming a fixed connection with the pipeline; Thiết bị cảm biến bao gồm bộ thu rung để theo dõi độ rung của cáp quang và nhiệt kế sợi quang để theo dõi sự thay đổi nhiệt độ của cáp quang; Bộ thu rung và nhiệt kế sợi quang đều được kết nối với tín hiệu của bộ điều khiển giám sát, được kết nối với tín hiệu của thiết bị cảnh báo và truyền thông tin cảnh báo và gửi lệnh cảnh báo đến thiết bị cảnh báo.