Cách theo dõi nhiệt độ dầu máy biến áp, mức dầu, áp lực nội tại, 2025, complete guide-INNO

Basic principle of nhiệt độ dầu máy biến áp, mức dầu, internal pressure three in one monitoring device
The three in one monitoring device for transformer oil temperature, mức dầu, and internal pressure is mainly achieved through different sensor technologies to monitor oil temperature, mức dầu, and internal pressure.

Principle of oil temperature monitoring:
Temperature sensors are usually used to measure oil temperature. Ví dụ, some sensors based on the principle of thermal resistance or thermocouple are installed in suitable positions in transformer oil. The resistance value of a thermal resistance sensor (such as a platinum resistor) changes with temperature, and based on this characteristic, the corresponding oil temperature value can be obtained by measuring the resistance value. Thermocouples utilize the thermoelectric effect of two different metals, which generates an electromotive force when there is a temperature difference between the two ends, reflecting the temperature level. This method can obtain real-time and accurate temperature information of transformer oil, in order to detect abnormal increases or decreases in oil temperature in a timely manner, as changes in oil temperature may indicate issues such as the load condition, heat dissipation effect, or internal faults of the transformer.
Oil level monitoring principle: There are multiple ways to implement oil level monitoring. A common method is based on the principle of differential pressure. Ví dụ, pressure sensors are installed at different height positions on the oil pillow (oil storage tank) để tính chiều cao mức dầu bằng cách đo chênh lệch áp suất do cột dầu tạo ra. Khi mức dầu thay đổi, chiều cao của cột dầu thay đổi, dẫn đến sự thay đổi chênh lệch áp suất, có thể xác định chính xác mức độ của dầu. Ngoài ra, Một số thiết bị còn sử dụng cảm biến đo mức chất lỏng để phát hiện khoảng cách giữa mức dầu và cảm biến thông qua các nguyên lý như siêu âm và điện dung., từ đó có được tình trạng mức dầu. Giám sát mức dầu chính xác giúp đảm bảo có đủ dầu cách điện bên trong máy biến áp, ngăn ngừa các vấn đề như giảm hiệu suất cách điện do mức dầu thấp hoặc áp suất thùng dầu bất thường do mức dầu cao gây ra.

Nguyên lý giám sát áp suất bên trong:
Để theo dõi áp suất bên trong, pressure sensors are often used. Fiber optic pressure sensors have a unique design structure when applied to internal pressure measurement of oil immersed transformers. Ví dụ, some fiber optic grating pressure sensors encapsulate the fiber optic grating in a special structure and use internal sensitizing polymers to affect the optical properties of the fiber optic grating (such as wavelength changes) under pressure, thereby measuring pressure. In the design, the complex multi physics environment inside the transformer, such as long-term high-temperature oil immersed electromagnetic environment, should be considered to ensure the accuracy and stability of the sensor. When a fault occurs inside the transformer (such as arc discharge), it will cause a sharp change in the pressure inside the oil tank. By monitoring the pressure in real time, this abnormal situation can be detected in a timely manner to avoid more serious accidents.

Application of Transformer Oil Temperature, Oil Level, Internal Pressure Three in One Monitoring Device in Power System

Application in oil immersed transformers:
Oil immersed transformers are widely used equipment in power systems, and the three in one monitoring device plays a crucial role in them. Trong quá trình vận hành, changes in oil temperature directly affect the performance and lifespan of the transformer. Excessive oil temperature may accelerate the aging of transformer oil and reduce insulation performance. The three in one monitoring device can monitor the oil temperature in real time and issue an alarm in a timely manner when the oil temperature exceeds the normal range, so that operation and maintenance personnel can take measures such as adjusting the load or checking the cooling system. Accurate monitoring of oil level can ensure the normal insulation and heat dissipation environment inside the transformer. If the oil level is too low, it may expose some windings to the air, reduce insulation effectiveness, and increase the risk of faults; If the oil level is too high, it may cause abnormal pressure in the fuel tank. Internal pressure monitoring can quickly detect sudden changes in pressure when faults occur inside the transformer (such as short circuits causing arcing and a sharp rise in oil temperature, resulting in high pressure due to oil vaporization), preventing serious accidents such as oil tank rupture and ensuring the safe operation of the transformer.

Ứng dụng trong trạm biến áp mô-đun:
Trạm biến áp mô-đun tích hợp nhiều thiết bị điện khác nhau như máy biến áp và thiết bị đóng cắt. Ứng dụng thiết bị giám sát 3 trong 1 giúp giám sát toàn diện tình trạng vận hành của toàn bộ trạm biến áp. Do không gian của trạm biến áp kết hợp tương đối nhỏ gọn và sự ảnh hưởng lẫn nhau đáng kể giữa các thiết bị, sự ổn định của nhiệt độ dầu máy biến áp, mức dầu, và áp suất bên trong có vai trò đặc biệt quan trọng đối với sự vận hành an toàn và tin cậy của toàn bộ trạm biến áp. Thông qua thiết bị giám sát này, dữ liệu có thể được truyền theo thời gian thực đến hệ thống giám sát của trạm biến áp, đạt được sự giám sát từ xa và quản lý tập trung. Operation and maintenance personnel can timely identify potential problems with transformers in modular substations based on monitoring data, carry out maintenance and handling in advance, giảm thời gian mất điện, improve power supply reliability, and also help optimize the operation and management of substations, improve equipment utilization and service life.

Advantages of the three in one monitoring device for transformer oil temperature, mức dầu, and internal pressure

Comprehensive monitoring and early warning:
This three in one monitoring device can simultaneously monitor oil temperature, mức dầu, and internal pressure. Compared to single function monitoring devices, it provides more comprehensive information on the operational status of transformers. Ví dụ, monitoring the oil temperature alone may not explain whether the increase in oil temperature is due to an increase in load or an internal fault causing a decrease in oil level and poor heat dissipation. By comprehensively monitoring the three parameters, the operating condition of the transformer can be more accurately determined. Once any parameter is abnormal, a warning signal can be issued in a timely manner to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to take measures. This helps to detect problems early on, avoid further deterioration of the fault, reduce the risk of transformer damage, and thus improve the safety and reliability of the power system.

Save costs and space:
Trong hệ thống điện, the cost of equipment and installation space are important factors to consider. Using a three in one monitoring device instead of three separate oil temperature, mức dầu, and pressure monitoring devices can reduce equipment procurement costs. Trong khi đó, as only one device needs to be installed, the space and wiring workload required for installation are reduced. Ví dụ, in the construction or renovation process of substations, reducing the number of equipment and installation space can lower construction costs and make it easier to layout and maintain other equipment within limited space. Ngoài ra, the maintenance cost of integrated devices during operation is relatively low, as only one device needs to be maintained and managed, reducing the workload and maintenance difficulty of operation and maintenance personnel.

Improve operational efficiency:
Real time and accurate monitoring data helps optimize the operation and management of transformers. By long-term monitoring and data analysis of oil temperature, mức dầu, and internal pressure, the operating rules of transformers under different loads, nhiệt độ môi trường, and other conditions can be understood. Operations personnel can adjust the load of transformers reasonably based on these data, develop scientific maintenance plans, such as determining the optimal operating mode of the cooling system according to the oil temperature change pattern, and arranging oil replenishment and other operations in advance according to the oil level change. This can improve the operational efficiency of transformers, extend their service life, reduce energy consumption, and thus enhance the overall economic efficiency of the power system.

The product of FJINNO Electronic Technology Co., Công ty TNHH: The company’s independently developed oil temperature oil level oil pressure three in one monitoring device is designed according to the online monitoring requirements of intelligent distribution transformers, combined substations, and related technical standards. It has the advantages of high security, chi phí thấp, hiệu suất thời gian thực tốt, cài đặt thuận tiện, và bảo trì dễ dàng. The device can achieve precise monitoring of transformer oil temperature oil level oil pressure and upload it to the intelligent fusion terminal in the substation area through RS-485, which can meet the basic requirements of power system for monitoring the operation status of transformers. Ví dụ, in the monitoring of some small substations or distribution transformers, due to their low cost and convenient installation, they can be easily deployed on a large scale to achieve effective monitoring of transformers.

Maintenance and upkeep of the three in one monitoring device for transformer oil temperature, mức dầu, áp lực nội tại

Regularly check sensors: Sensors are the core components of the three in one monitoring device, and regularly checking the performance of sensors is an important part of maintenance work. For temperature sensors, to check their measurement accuracy, they can be calibrated by comparing them with standard thermometers. Ví dụ, every certain period of time (such as six months or one year), a calibrated high-precision thermometer is used to measure the temperature of transformer oil, while reading the temperature value of the monitoring device. If the deviation between the two exceeds the allowable range, the temperature sensor needs to be adjusted or replaced. For pressure sensors and oil level sensors, it is also necessary to check their measurement accuracy and stability. The pressure sensor can be calibrated using a standard pressure source, and the oil level sensor can compare the actual measured oil level (such as manually measuring the oil level) with the oil level displayed by the monitoring device. If a sensor malfunction or performance degradation is found, the sensor should be replaced in a timely manner to ensure the accuracy of monitoring data.

Cleaning and protection: The monitoring device may be affected by pollutants such as dust and oil during operation, so regular cleaning is necessary. Hãy cẩn thận để tránh làm hỏng cảm biến và các bộ phận khác trong quá trình vệ sinh. Ví dụ, Có thể dùng vải mềm sạch lau nhẹ nhàng vỏ và bề mặt cảm biến của thiết bị để loại bỏ bụi bẩn và vết dầu. Đồng thời, cần đảm bảo các biện pháp bảo vệ của thiết bị còn nguyên vẹn, chẳng hạn như kiểm tra khả năng bịt kín của thiết bị để ngăn nước mưa, bụi, vân vân. từ khi đi vào bên trong thiết bị. Đối với các thiết bị giám sát được lắp đặt trên máy biến áp ngoài trời, bảo vệ tốt có thể kéo dài tuổi thọ sử dụng và giảm thiểu hư hỏng do các yếu tố môi trường gây ra. Nếu phát hiện thấy dấu bị lão hóa hoặc hư hỏng, chúng cần được thay thế kịp thời để đảm bảo hiệu quả bảo vệ của thiết bị.

Sao lưu và phân tích dữ liệu: Thiết bị giám sát sẽ liên tục thu thập các dữ liệu như nhiệt độ dầu, mức dầu, and internal pressure, which are very important for analyzing the operating status of the transformer. Vì thế, regular data backups should be conducted to prevent data loss. Data can be stored on local servers or in the cloud, and a data management system can be established to facilitate querying and analysis of the data. By analyzing historical data, potential issues with transformer operation can be identified, such as long-term trends in oil temperature, fluctuations in oil level, and abnormal pressure conditions. Based on these analysis results, maintenance plans can be developed in advance, optimizing the operation and management of transformers, and improving their reliability and safety.