distributed temperature sensing dts system-INNO

Giới thiệu chức năng và nguyên tắc của hệ thống đo nhiệt độ sợi quang phân tán

Nguyên tắc phát hiện của hệ thống giám sát nhiệt độ sợi quang phân tán

Nguyên lý của hệ thống cảm biến nhiệt độ phân tán bằng sợi quang là khi nhiệt độ của điểm phát hiện thay đổi, cường độ ánh sáng tán xạ Raman tán xạ theo hướng ngược lại trong sợi quang cũng thay đổi sau khi áp dụng tia laser xung. Sau đó, những ánh sáng tán xạ này được lọc và chuyển thành tín hiệu điện. Quá trình này chuyển đổi tín hiệu quang thành tín hiệu điện, khuếch đại tín hiệu điện, và sau đó chuyển đổi nó qua hệ thống để xuất dữ liệu thông qua bộ xử lý tín hiệu. Vận tốc tán xạ của sóng ánh sáng tán xạ Raman không đổi, và vị trí các điểm quan trắc được tính bằng cách tính thời gian để sóng phân tán quay trở lại. When a certain pulse laser is applied in the optical fiber, the laser photons have energy. After interacting with molecules, the molecules are excited and release a certain amount of energy. The energy difference between them causes a change in the frequency of the released photons. By sensing the change in this energy, the signal changes are displayed, and the temperature change at the monitoring point is calculated.

Principle of fiber optic hệ thống cảm biến nhiệt độ phân tán

Fiber optic transmission refers to the transmission of information through the transmission of light through optical fibers. Trong vật lý, it can be understood that changes in the propagation medium occur during the propagation of light, and reflection and refraction occur when the refractive index of the propagation medium is not equal. In order to ensure minimal information transmission loss, it is necessary to achieve total reflection of light waves in optical fibers, and laser energy concentration has monochromaticity and directionality, so it can be used as a light source for this project. Considering the phenomenon of fiber dispersion, a shorter fiber length was designed to make the fiber as straight as possible to reduce energy loss, and a fixed frequency laser transmitter was selected. Hiện tại, most optical fibers are made of quartz as raw material, and special data fibers are used to enhance Raman scattering, with a small amount of high concentration germanium added.

Hardware and software system hardware structure of fiber optic distributed temperature cảm nhận

The optimization of system hardware is the foundation for improving temperature measurement systems, including sensing optical fibers, photoelectric conversion devices, information processors, và máy tính. Trước hết, improvements were made to the sensing optical fiber. In order to ensure the transmission of Raman scattering signals during the experiment, germanium was added to the quartz optical fiber, and the length of the fiber was shortened while making it as straight as possible. Thứ hai, use laser emitters with small volume and high stability in high temperature and magnetic interference environments. thứ ba, replace commonly used photodiodes (PINs) with high gain avalanche photodiodes (APDs), and select the optimal operating point near the avalanche breakdown point to ensure both signal gain and sensitivity of the photoelectric converter. Thứ tư, optimize the signal amplification circuit, enhance the frequency selection ability of the circuit, improve the signal resolution and amplification ability, while minimizing power consumption as much as possible.

The hardware of the system is the foundation, and the system software is an indispensable key in the detection process. The temperature changes in high-voltage switchgear are constantly occurring, so real-time monitoring technology should be adopted. Temperature warning values should be set according to the actual situation, and possible dangers should be monitored and dealt with in a timely manner. The temperature changes on each working day should be recorded, and comprehensive analysis and treatment should be carried out to nip the danger in the bud. Using Windows system and SQL database, integrating multiple functions such as data management, data querying, giám sát thời gian thực, signal alarm, vân vân., and being able to detect problems in the system, considering all possible faults.

The principle of temperature measurement system for cáp quang phân tán hệ thống is that the system can continuously monitor the temperature inside the cabinet at fixed points and accurately measure the temperature changes of the measured points. This provides a basis for preventive maintenance of switchgear and reduces safety hazards.