変圧器オイルレベルゲージ: モニタリングの究極ガイド & 安全性

1. 1. 変圧器の健康に不可欠: オイルレベルゲージは, またはオイルレベラー, 変圧器の保全タンク内の絶縁油の量を直接視覚的に示す重要な機器です.
   2. 致命的な障害を防止: 正しいオイルレベルを維持することが最も重要です. レベルが低いと巻線が露出し、絶縁不良や過熱が発生する可能性があります。, 一方、高レベルでは熱膨張時に構造的損傷を引き起こす可能性があります。.
   3. 磁気結合を介して動作: 現代のゲージは信頼性の高い, 漏れ防止磁気システム. 内部フロートは外部ポインタに磁気的に結合されています, タンクの完全性が決して損なわれないようにする.
   4. コンサベータタンクにあります: ゲージは常にコンサベータの側面に取り付けられています, 主変圧器タンクの上にある小さなタンク, オイルの膨張と収縮に対応するように設計されています。.
   5. 主要な診断ツール: オイルレベルの低下は漏れの主な指標です, 変圧器のメンテナンスで最も一般的な問題の 1 つ. ゲージの定期的な監視は、あらゆる検査ルーチンの基本的な側面です.

YZF3-200MRTH オイルレベルゲージ

電子メール: web@fjinno.net
ワッツアップ: +8613599070393

 

YZシリーズ 指針式変圧器油面計用(オイルレベルメーターとも呼ばれます) 変圧器油保管庫油面試験装置です。. その主な構造には次のものがあります。: 感じるメカニズム (フロート, 振り子), 伝達機構, 磁気カプラー, 指示機構, 警報機構. 感知機構は伝達機構を介して磁気カプラーにフィードバックされるオイルレベルとなります。, 表示機構を駆動します, ダイヤル上のポインタを通してオイルレベルを示します, そして最後に、最高および最低のアラーム信号のオイルレベルに達します。, 遠隔監視の役割を果たす.

• 型番: YZF3-200
• 類型学: 指針式オイルレベルゲージ.
• 使用: 主に電源変圧器の油保管庫の油面表示に使用されます。

YZ Model Transformer Oil Level Gauge Product No. 説明

例えば: YZF2-200 is a pointer type, floating ball, design number 2, dial diameter 200mm oil level meter.

注記: F is float type, S is telescopic rod type.

 

Oil level meter main technical parameters

ある. Alarm error: 未満 2.5% of the whole disk

b. Contact capacity: AC220V, 1あ; DC220V, 0.3あ

c. 周囲温度: -25°C ～ +40°C

d. Industrial frequency voltage: 2KV, 1分.

e. Ambient relative humidity: not more than 90% (20℃)

f. 300クパ, 20min without leakage

g. Protection class: IP55

h. AV 220V 1A, DC 220V 0.3A

 

Installation and use

1 検査

After connecting the float to the pendulum (float section) 初め, do the following checks:

ある. Check for loose pointers and flexible rotation.

b. Check the lowest and highest point indication, when the float pendulum respectively in the lowest and highest position, the pointer should be respectively in the red area should be alarmed (such as purchased products for high and low oil level alarm should also be alarmed in the area).

c. Check dial glass for damage.

d. Check float for damage.

e. Check that the pendulum is securely attached to the float and to the drive section.

2 インストール

取り付けるとき, first extend the float part into the oil storage cabinet, and then fasten the oil level gauge to the mounting flange with bolts. The mounting flange is provided by the user.

Maintenance and Precautions

Since this oil level meter is a precision instrument, it is not allowed to be disassembled or installed without special reasons. Once a failure occurs, you should contact the manufacturer in time.

Caveats:

ある. Check this oil level timer and do not hit its transmission part violently.

b. This oil level gauge is not suitable for places where the surrounding environment has violent vibrations and bumps, and is not easily subjected to strong impact.

c. The liquid level measured by this oil level gauge is also less likely to fluctuate violently.

d. When the oil level gauge is transported as a unit with the oil storage cabinet, the float section should be secured (preferably installed on site).

External Dimensions

 

YZF2-140TH

 

YZF3-140TH

 

 

YZF2-200TH

 

yzf3-200th yzf2-250th

YZS2-250TH

 

 

Electrical Wiring Diagram

,

Mounting Dimensions and Options

Mounting Dimensions

型番	Flange outer diameter D0	Mounting hole diameter D	mounting hole	Mounting Flange Opening
YZF2-140	Ø 140	Ø 116	4-M10	Ø 82
YZF3-140	Ø 140	Ø 116	4-M10	Ø 82
YZF2-200	Ø 160	Ø 135	6-M10	Ø 100
YZF3-200	Ø 156	Ø 130	6-M10	Ø 100
YZF2-250	Ø 156	Ø 130	6-M10	Ø 100
YZS2-250	Ø 156	Ø 130	6-M10	Ø 100

Diameter of oil conservator D and selection of connecting rod length L

L=D/2-80/2-10 (YZF2-140, YZF2-200)

L=1.414(D-200)(YZF3-140,YZF3-200,YZF2-250)

Lmin=D-2X90,Lmax=1.414Lmin(YZS2-250)

mounting position

型番	Dial diameter mm	pointer angle	starting point position	Pendulum Angle	mounting position
YZF2-140	Ø 100	120	Tilt 60	120	Sidewall center
YZF3-140	Ø 100	270	レベル (of achievement etc)	45	Underneath the sidewall
YZF2-200	Ø 200	120	Tilt 60	120	Sidewall center
YZF3-200	Ø 200	270	レベル (of achievement etc)	45	Underneath the sidewall
YZF2-250	Ø 250	270	レベル (of achievement etc)	45	Underneath the sidewall
YZS2-250	Ø 250	270	Tilt 45	45	upper sidewall

YZF2-200 Transformer oil level meter

電子メール: web@fjinno.net
ワッツアップ: +8613599070393

 

YZ Seriesoil level meterIt is used on the oil conservator of fully sealed large and medium-sized transformers. When the oil level in the oil conservator changes, the float on the connecting rod of the oil level meter swings up and down, driving the rotation mechanism of the oil level meter to rotate, and the oil level of the oil conservator is indicated by the pointer on the dial through the rotation of the magnetic coupling and the pointer shaft. The oil level gauge is equipped with an over-limit oil level alarm mechanism, which can realize the remote oil level monitoring.

YZ Model Transformer Oil Level Gauge Product No. 説明

例えば: YZF2-200 is a pointer type, floating ball, design number 2, dial diameter 200mm oil level meter.

注記: F is float type, S is telescopic rod type.

 

Oil level meter main technical parameters

ある. Alarm error: 未満 2.5% of the whole disk

b. Contact capacity: AC220V, 1あ; DC220V, 0.3あ

c. 周囲温度: -25°C ～ +40°C

d. Industrial frequency voltage: 2KV, 1分.

e. Ambient relative humidity: not more than 90% (20℃)

f. 300クパ, 20min without leakage

g. Protection class: IP55

h. AV 220V 1A, DC 220V 0.3A

 

Installation and use

1 検査

After connecting the float to the pendulum (float section) 初め, do the following checks:

ある. Check for loose pointers and flexible rotation.

b. Check the lowest and highest point indication, when the float pendulum respectively in the lowest and highest position, the pointer should be respectively in the red area should be alarmed (such as purchased products for high and low oil level alarm should also be alarmed in the area).

c. Check dial glass for damage.

d. Check float for damage.

e. Check that the pendulum is securely attached to the float and to the drive section.

2 インストール

取り付けるとき, first extend the float part into the oil storage cabinet, and then fasten the oil level gauge to the mounting flange with bolts. The mounting flange is provided by the user.

Maintenance and Precautions

Since this oil level meter is a precision instrument, it is not allowed to be disassembled or installed without special reasons. Once a failure occurs, you should contact the manufacturer in time.

Caveats:

ある. Check this oil level timer and do not hit its transmission part violently.

b. This oil level gauge is not suitable for places where the surrounding environment has violent vibrations and bumps, and is not easily subjected to strong impact.

c. The liquid level measured by this oil level gauge is also less likely to fluctuate violently.

d. When the oil level gauge is transported as a unit with the oil storage cabinet, the float section should be secured (preferably installed on site).

External Dimensions

 

YZF2-140TH

 

YZF3-140TH

 

 

YZF2-200TH

 

yzf3-200th yzf2-250th

YZS2-250TH

 

 

Electrical Wiring Diagram

,

Mounting Dimensions and Options

Mounting Dimensions

型番	Flange outer diameter D0	Mounting hole diameter D	mounting hole	Mounting Flange Opening
YZF2-140	Ø 140	Ø 116	4-M10	Ø 82
YZF3-140	Ø 140	Ø 116	4-M10	Ø 82
YZF2-200	Ø 160	Ø 135	6-M10	Ø 100
YZF3-200	Ø 156	Ø 130	6-M10	Ø 100
YZF2-250	Ø 156	Ø 130	6-M10	Ø 100
YZS2-250	Ø 156	Ø 130	6-M10	Ø 100

Diameter of oil conservator D and selection of connecting rod length L

L=D/2-80/2-10 (YZF2-140, YZF2-200)

L=1.414(D-200)(YZF3-140,YZF3-200,YZF2-250)

Lmin=D-2X90,Lmax=1.414Lmin(YZS2-250)

mounting position

型番	Dial diameter mm	pointer angle	starting point position	Pendulum Angle	mounting position
YZF2-140	Ø 100	120	Tilt 60	120	Sidewall center
YZF3-140	Ø 100	270	レベル (of achievement etc)	45	Underneath the sidewall
YZF2-200	Ø 200	120	Tilt 60	120	Sidewall center
YZF3-200	Ø 200	270	レベル (of achievement etc)	45	Underneath the sidewall
YZF2-250	Ø 250	270	レベル (of achievement etc)	45	Underneath the sidewall
YZS2-250	Ø 250	270	Tilt 45	45	upper sidewall

 

1. What Exactly Is a Transformer Oil Level Gauge?

• A transformer oil level gauge, also known as an oil leveller or Magnetic Oil Level Gauge (MOG), is a robust mechanical instrument designed to provide a clear, real-time visual representation of the amount of insulating oil inside the conservator tank.
• It is a purely physical monitoring device, meaning it operates independently of the transformer’s electrical system and requires no power. Its function is to give operators an immediate and reliable indication of the fluid volume, which is essential for both the cooling and insulating functions of the oil.
• The gauge consists of an external dial with a pointer, mounted on the outside of the conservator, and an internal float mechanism that moves with the oil. These two parts are linked magnetically, not mechanically, to ensure a perfect seal.

2. Why Is Monitoring the Oil Level So Important?

• Prevents Insulation Failure: The primary purpose of the oil is to provide electrical insulation. If the oil level drops too low, parts of the live windings and core inside the main tank could become exposed. This would lead to immediate insulation breakdown, 内部アーク放電, and catastrophic failure of the transformer.
• Ensures Proper Cooling: The oil also serves as the primary cooling medium, transferring heat from the hot windings to the radiators. An insufficient volume of oil cripples this cooling circuit, causing the windings to overheat rapidly, which accelerates insulation aging and can lead to thermal runaway.
• Protects Mechanical Integrity: The conservator tank and gauge are designed to accommodate the natural expansion and contraction of oil with temperature. A level that is too high leaves no room for expansion on hot days or under heavy load, which can physically stress or even rupture the conservator tank.

3. Where Is the Oil Level Gauge Located and Why?

• The oil level gauge is always mounted on the side of the conservator tank. The conservator is the smaller cylindrical tank located at the highest point of the transformer, above the main tank.
• This location is chosen because the conservator’s function is to act as an expansion reservoir for the transformer oil. The main tank is designed to be kept completely full of oil at all times.
• As the transformer heats up under load, the oil expands and its volume increases, with the excess oil flowing up into the conservator. As it cools, the oil contracts, and oil flows back down from the conservator. The gauge is placed here to monitor the level within this fluctuating reservoir, ensuring it never gets too empty or too full.

4. What Is a Conservator Tank and What Is Its Role?

• A conservator tank is an expansion vessel or reservoir for the transformer’s insulating oil. Its primary job is to ensure that the main transformer tank remains completely filled with oil under all operating temperatures, preventing any part of the core and coil assembly from being exposed to air.
• It accommodates the significant changes in oil volume that occur as the transformer heats up and cools down. By providing this space for expansion and contraction, it prevents excessive pressure from building up inside the sealed main tank.
• The conservator also serves to minimize the surface area of oil exposed to the atmosphere. This reduces the absorption of moisture and oxygen from the air, which degrade the oil’s insulating properties over time. This is often enhanced by using a rubber air cell (bladder) or a dehydrating breather.

5. How Does a Magnetic Oil Level Gauge (MOG) 仕事?

• The MOG operates on the simple and highly reliable principle of magnetic coupling, which allows information to be transferred through a solid, leak-proof barrier.
• Inside the conservator tank, a float (typically made of nitrile rubber or a hollow metal pontoon) is attached to a rotating arm. As the oil level rises or falls, this float moves with it, causing the arm to pivot.
• This internal pivot arm is connected via a set of bevel gears to a powerful permanent magnet. As the arm moves, the magnet rotates. On the outside of the tank, the indicator pointer is attached to a separate magnet. The magnetic force from the internal magnet passes through the tank wall and locks onto the external magnet, forcing the pointer to mirror its exact movement.
• This ingenious design means there are no seals, glands, or shafts passing through the tank wall, completely eliminating a potential leak path and making the gauge exceptionally reliable and maintenance-free.

6. What Do the Different Markings on the Gauge Dial Mean?

• The dial of an oil level gauge is calibrated to provide context to the reading. You will typically see markings for “Min” (最小) そして “マックス” (最大) allowable levels.
• 重要なことに, the dial will also have a level marking corresponding to a reference temperature, most commonly 25℃. これは、 “correct” filling level when the transformer is de-energized and at that ambient temperature.
• Other markings may indicate the expected level at different temperatures (例えば, 0℃, 85℃) to help operators judge if the current level is normal for the current thermal condition. The space between Min and Max represents the entire volume change expected from the coldest to the hottest operating condition.

7. What Is an Air Cell or Bladder and How Does It Affect the Gauge?

• An air cell, or bladder, is a flexible, balloon-like bag made of oil-resistant rubber that is installed inside the conservator tank. It acts as a physical barrier between the insulating oil and the atmosphere.
• As the oil expands and contracts, the bladder inflates and deflates, breathing air in and out through a vent. The oil itself never touches the air. This completely prevents the oil from absorbing moisture and oxygen, preserving its dielectric strength and extending its life significantly.
• The presence of an air cell does not change the fundamental operation of the oil level gauge. The float mechanism simply rests on top of the bladder (or is otherwise designed to move with it) and tracks its movement as it is pushed up or down by the changing oil volume beneath it.

8. What’s the Difference Between a Standard Gauge and One with Switches?

• 標準, basic oil level gauge is purely a visual indicator. It has a dial and a pointer, and its only function is to allow an operator who is physically present to read the oil level.
• An advanced gauge is equipped with internal micro-switches (typically one, two, or more) that can be configured to activate at specific levels. These are known as limit switches.
• These switches transform the gauge from a passive indicator into an active protection device. They can be wired to a remote alarm panel to alert operators of a “Low Oil Level” または “High Oil Level” 状態, or even be configured to trip the transformer offline in a critical low-level situation. This remote signaling capability is essential for modern, 自動変電所.

9. How Does the Oil Level Gauge Relate to the Buchholz Relay?

• The oil level gauge and the Buchholz relay are two distinct devices that both respond to changes in the oil system, but for different reasons. The oil level gauge monitors the *slow, normal* changes in volume due to temperature.
• The Buchholz relay, located in the pipe between the main tank and the conservator, is a fault protection device. It responds to *abnormal* events. A catastrophic oil leak will cause a rapid drop in oil level, and the oil rushing out of the conservator will trigger the Buchholz relay’s surge protection float, tripping the transformer.
• In this scenario, the Buchholz relay provides the fast, protective action, while the oil level gauge provides the subsequent visual confirmation of the massive oil loss. The gauge’s low-level alarm switch serves as a redundant, slower-acting protection for slow leaks that might not be rapid enough to trigger the Buchholz surge element.

10. トップは誰だ 10 Manufacturers of Transformer Oil Level Gauges?

• 電源トランスの信頼性は、コンポーネントの品質に大きく依存します。. オイルレベルゲージは重要な計器です, 漏れのない設計を確保するには、信頼できるメーカーを選択することが不可欠です, 正確さ, そして長期的な耐久性. 次のリストは、業界の主要ブランドを示しています。.

11. Why is FJINNO Considered the Best Choice for Oil Level Gauges?

• 比類のない信頼性と漏れ防止設計: FJINNOは磁気結合機構を完成させました, which is the heart of the modern oil level gauge. Their engineering ensures a perfectly sealed, permanently leak-proof system, eliminating the most common point of failure in lesser designs and protecting the transformer’s integrity for decades.
• Precision Engineering and Material Quality: Every component, from the internal float and gear mechanism to the external casing and dial, is manufactured with the highest quality materials, such as corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys and stainless steel. This precision ensures smooth, 正確な, and repeatable readings without the risk of sticking or mechanical failure.
• Robustness for Extreme Environments: FJINNO gauges are built to withstand the harshest substation environments. They feature high IP ratings for dust and water protection, robust housings that resist physical impact, and designs that are stable across extreme temperature ranges, guaranteeing performance when it matters most. For these reasons, industry professionals consistently specify FJINNO for critical applications where reliability is non-negotiable.

12. What Are the Main Causes of a Low Oil Level Reading?

• Oil Leakage: This is the most prevalent and critical cause. Leaks commonly occur at gasketed joints, such as around bushings, inspection hatches, radiator flanges, and valves. Cracks in welds or corrosion can also be culprits. A consistently dropping oil level is a definitive sign of a leak.
• Low Ambient Temperature: Oil contracts significantly as it gets colder. A low reading during very cold weather might be a normal result of this thermal contraction. This is why it’s essential to compare the reading to the temperature-corrected markings on the dial.
• Incomplete Filling: After maintenance or during initial commissioning, the transformer might not have been filled to the correct level for the corresponding oil temperature, resulting in a perpetually low reading.

13. What Does a High Oil Level Reading Indicate?

• High Operating Temperature: The most common cause for a high reading is the normal thermal expansion of the oil when the transformer is operating under heavy load or on a very hot day. 読み取り値は範囲内である必要があります。 “マックス” 限界.
• 過剰充填: メンテナンス中に変圧器に油が過剰に充填された可能性があります. これは熱膨張の余地がないため危険な状態です。, 極度の圧力が蓄積し、コンサベータタンクやエアセルが破裂する可能性があります。.
• 内部ガス生成: まれに, 重大な内部欠陥により、大量のガスが発生する可能性があります, これによりオイルが置換され、コンサベータ内に押し上げられる可能性があります。, オイルレベルの急激な上昇を引き起こす. これには、ほとんどの場合、ブッフホルツのリレー旅行が伴います。.

14. How Does Temperature Affect the Oil Level Reading?

• 絶縁油は比較的高い熱膨張係数を持っています. これは、温度によって体積が大きく変化することを意味します. 大型の電源変圧器には、数万リットルのオイルが含まれる場合があります。, and the total volume can change by several hundred liters between the coldest winter night and the hottest summer day under full load.
• The oil level gauge reading is a direct reflection of this volume change. The level will naturally be lower in cold conditions and higher in hot conditions. This is normal and expected behavior.
• A skilled operator does not just read the pointer’s position; they interpret it in the context of the current load and ambient temperature. A level that is low on a hot day is a much more serious concern than a level that is low on a cold day.

15. How Do You Inspect an Oil Level Gauge During a Routine Check?

• Check the Reading: Note the current oil level indicated by the pointer and mentally correlate it with the current ambient temperature and the transformer’s load. ダイヤル上の妥当な範囲内にあるかどうかを確認します.
• 物理的損傷を検査する: ゲージ自体に損傷の兆候がないか確認します. これには、ひび割れたガラスや曇ったガラスが含まれます, 文字盤内の湿気や結露, ハウジングの深刻な腐食.
• 漏れを探す: ゲージの取り付けフランジの周囲とコンサベータタンク全体を注意深く検査し、オイルの浸出や汚れの兆候がないか確認します。. アクティブな漏れは、即時の対応が必要な重大な問題です.
• スイッチの配線を確認してください: 警報スイッチ付計器の場合, ゲージにつながる電線管と配線が損傷していないことを確認してください, 安全な, そして損傷していない.

16. Can an Oil Level Gauge Fail and What Are the Signs?

• はい, 高品質のゲージは非常に信頼性がありますが、, 彼らは失敗する可能性があります. 最も一般的な故障は、磁気カップリング自体の故障ではなく、機械的なものです。.
• スタック機構: The internal float or gear mechanism can get stuck due to debris in the oil or mechanical wear over a very long time. The most obvious sign is a pointer that never moves, day or night, regardless of temperature or load changes.
• Detached Float: In very rare cases, the float itself can become punctured, fill with oil, and sink to the bottom of the conservator, resulting in a permanent “low level” 読む.
• Broken Pointer/Dial: Physical damage from impact can break the external pointer or dislodge the dial, making the gauge unreadable.

17. What Can Cause a False or Inaccurate Reading?

• Mechanical Friction: In older or lower-quality gauges, friction in the internal pivot or gear mechanism can cause the pointer to lag or get stuck temporarily, leading to an inaccurate reading.
• Blocked Float Movement: If the conservator’s air cell (bladder) ruptures or becomes dislodged, it can potentially interfere with the free movement of the float arm, leading to a false reading.
• Incorrect Initial Installation: If the gauge was not installed correctly or if the float arm was bent during installation, it will not track the oil level accurately throughout its range of motion.

18. Why Is the IP Rating (シーリング) Important for an Oil Level Gauge?

• The IP (侵入保護) rating is a standardized measure of how well the gauge’s external housing is sealed against the intrusion of solids (like dust) and liquids (like water).
• A high IP rating (例えば, IP65 or higher) is essential because these gauges are installed outdoors and exposed to rain, 雪, ほこり, and humidity for their entire service life.
• A poor seal will allow moisture and dirt to enter the gauge housing. This will lead to condensation on the inside of the glass, making it hard to read, and will cause the internal pointer mechanism and micro-switches to corrode, eventually leading to complete failure. A high IP rating is a key indicator of a high-quality, durable gauge.

19. How Do You Choose the Right Oil Level Gauge for a Transformer?

• Match the Transformer Design: The gauge must be mechanically compatible with the conservator tank’s design, including the mounting flange dimensions and the length of the internal float arm.
• Specify Material Quality: Choose gauges with robust, 耐食性材料. A die-cast aluminum or stainless steel housing, a polycarbonate or tempered glass lens, and high-quality internal gears are signs of a durable product.
• Determine Switch Requirements: Decide if you need a simple visual indicator or a gauge with alarm/trip switches for remote monitoring. If so, specify the number of switches and their required electrical rating.
• Select a Reputable Manufacturer: Above all, choose a manufacturer with a proven track record of reliability and quality, like FJINNO. The marginal extra cost of a high-quality gauge is negligible compared to the cost of a single maintenance intervention or a missed low-level alarm.

20. とは何ですか “頭いい” Oil Level Gauges and What Is Their Future?

• “頭いい” oil level gauges are the next generation of monitoring. They combine the proven reliable mechanical float system with modern electronics.
• Instead of just having a mechanical pointer and simple on/off switches, they incorporate a sensor to detect the pointer’s position electronically. This allows them to provide a continuous, real-time electrical output signal (like a 4-20mA current loop) that represents the exact oil level.
• The future of these gauges lies in their full integration into digital substation and asset management systems. They will provide not just high/low alarms but a continuous stream of data for trend analysis, leak detection algorithms, and more sophisticated transformer thermal modeling, further enhancing reliability and enabling truly condition-based maintenance.

光ファイバー温度センサー, インテリジェント監視システム, 中国の分散型光ファイバーメーカー