fiber optik sensör sistemleri

Fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensing system

The fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensor consists of a multimode fiber optic and a fluorescent object (film) mounted on top of it. Its working principle is based on the fluorescence energy emitted by a fluorescent substance under specific wavelength (uyarılma spektrumu) light excitation. Uyarma iptal edildikten sonra, the persistence of the fluorescence afterglow is affected by factors such as the characteristics of the fluorescent substance and environmental temperature. The fluorescence usually decays exponentially, and the decay time constant is the fluorescence lifetime or fluorescence afterglow time (ns). Dahası, the fluorescence afterglow decay varies at different environmental temperatures. Öyleyse, the environmental temperature can be determined by measuring the fluorescence afterglow lifetime.

This sensing system has multiple advantages. İlk önce, the core technology lies in fluorescent substances and corresponding simulation algorithms. The technical principle and product structure are simple, ve temperature measuring fluorescent material used is calcined at 1200 santigrat derece, which has extremely long lifespan and stable and reliable working characteristics. It is very suitable for large-scale industrial mass production and widely used in the industrial field. ikinci olarak, pure fiber optic probes have the characteristics of intrinsic safety, high-voltage insulation, and resistance to electromagnetic interference; The system operates stably without drift and does not require calibration or verification throughout its entire lifespan; Adopting modular design, it can be flexibly networked and infinitely expanded at any time without causing resource waste; Equipped with digital and analog outputs, it is convenient for automated real-time control and data management; The probe and demodulator are compact and flexible, easy to install and maintain. It is widely used in various application fields. In the field of power grid, it can be used to monitor the temperature of hot spots such as switchgear and transformers, detect temperature anomalies in a timely manner, and ensure the safe and stable operation of power; In the field of laboratory research, it is possible to monitor the temperature changes of reaction systems in chemical experiments to ensure the accuracy of experimental results, and in biological experiments, it is possible to monitor the temperature distribution inside the organism, which helps medical researchers study the thermal stability of organisms; Tıp alanında, temperature changes of patients can be monitored during surgery to ensure smooth operation, and can be used in rehabilitation centers to evaluate the patient’s recovery status. Ek olarak, it has unique advantages in many special scenarios, such as measuring the internal temperature of chicken nuggets in the food industry to ensure that the interior is cooked and the surface is not burnt during the baking process; When precise coupling of small components is carried out in the electronic industry in a microwave environment for temperature monitoring, traditional thermocouple thermometers cannot accurately measure due to the influence of microwaves, while fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors have obvious advantages of not being affected by electromagnetic interference. Experiments have shown that in this scenario, fiber optic thermometers read accurately and are not affected by external factors, while thermocouple thermometers have large errors.

Multi domain related application supplement

In addition to the common application areas mentioned earlier, floresan fiber optik sıcaklık sensörleri also have important value in other industries. In the petrochemical industry, places such as refineries have flammable, patlayıcı, ve aşındırıcı ortamlar. The intrinsic safety and corrosion resistance of fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors enable them to effectively monitor the temperature of pipelines, reaction vessels, ve diğer ekipmanlar, ensuring that the production process is carried out under appropriate temperature conditions and the safety of personnel and equipment is guaranteed. In the aerospace field, temperature detection can be performed on key components such as engines, which requires sensors to have high accuracy, yüksek sıcaklık dayanımı, ve elektromanyetik girişim direnci. Fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors can precisely meet these requirements and help improve the safety and reliability of aerospace equipment operation. In the field of new energy such as solar power generation, temperature measurement can be carried out on solar panels to optimize their energy conversion efficiency through temperature data acquisition. Once the temperature is too high and affects the power generation efficiency, timely adjustment measures can be taken. Kısacası, the characteristics of fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors enable them to continuously open up new application scenarios in many fields with special requirements for temperature detection.

Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing System

The dağıtılmış fiber optik algılama ağ sistemi, algılamayı entegre eden bir ağ sistemidir, kontrol, ve diğer işlevler. Algılama ortamı olarak optik fiber kullanır, dalga boyu gibi özelliklerini değiştirerek dış fiziksel nicelikleri algılayabilen, faz, ve yoğunluk. Aynı zamanda, optik fiber, bir iletişim ortamı olarak fiber optik algılama ağ sistemleriyle iyi bir şekilde entegre edilebilir. Bu sistem anti elektromanyetik girişim özelliklerine sahiptir, yüksek güvenilirlik, ve uzun mesafeli dağıtılmış izleme, ve geniş uygulama değerine ve pazar beklentilerine sahiptir.

Teknik açıdan bakıldığında, Fiber optikteki Raman ve Brillouin etkileri gibi doğrusal olmayan optik etkiler, ortam sıcaklığı ve basınca bağlı stresi tespit etmek için kullanılır. Örneğin, Dağıtılmış sıcaklık algılama için Raman saçılımı kullanılır (DTS), which can accurately determine the temperature at any given position along the fiber by measuring the difference in the intensity of backscattered light in the Stokes and anti Stokes bands; The principle of Brillouin scattering is similar, where the wavelength of backscattered light is influenced by external temperature and acoustic stimuli in a predictable manner. By combining this data with temperature background knowledge at the same point, the strain experienced by the fiber can be accurately determined, and which areas of the fiber are affected can be analyzed.

It plays an irreplaceable role in many fields. In terms of security monitoring, it is a highly eye-catching new device of fiber optic sensing technology, which can achieve perimeter monitoring and alarm for special locations such as airports, borders, bases, limanlar, vesaire; Safety monitoring of oil/gas pipelines and refinery oil pipelines; It can achieve tunnel excavation detection for special locations such as military bases, hapishaneler, bankalar, and nuclear power plants, and timely detect potential threats; The long-distance distributed monitoring capability for optical cables in government, banking, intelligence agencies, and other locations is beyond the reach of traditional sensors. And it also has applications in industrial monitoring, such as temperature scanning of grain warehouses and oil depots to comprehensively understand temperature distribution and achieve more accurate monitoring. It can also be used for distributed temperature and strain monitoring of various structures such as bridges, barajlar, tüneller, vesaire.

In terms of technical indicators and practical application characteristics, it is clearly reflected in a distributed fiber optic sensing early warning system. The single core positioning technology designed with a dual core optical path saves fiber resources and improves positioning accuracy compared to the international three core positioning technology; The system is divided into two types: fence type and buried type to adapt to different application scenarios of surface fences (such as wrought iron, tel örgü, çitler, walls, vesaire.) and underground (such as grasslands, çakıl katmanları, cement floors, ve sıradan toprak); The warning system surpasses similar foreign systems in key technologies such as light intensity, kutuplaşma durumu, polarization angle, optical signal frequency, faz, optical phase locking, chaotic neural network recognition algorithm, and fusion technology; Gerçek anlamda pasif ön uç algılama ve iletim avantajlarına sahiptir, kolay inşaat, ve düşük maliyetli (Sıradan iletişim optik kablolarının sensör olarak kullanılması); Ayrıca birden fazla izleme yöntemi mevcuttur, fiber optik kablo bozukluklarının gerçek zamanlı zaman alanı dalga biçimlerini görüntüleyebilen, Fiber optik kablo boyunca parazit seslerini izleyin, Farklı zaman aralıklarında veya mesafelerde fiber optik kablo bozulma olaylarının sayısını sayın, Güzergah boyunca fiber optik kablo bozukluklarını doğru bir şekilde sınıflandırın ve tanımlayın, ve coğrafi bilgi şemalarında alarmları görüntüleyin; Tepki süresi gibi teknik göstergeler için ilgili parametreler ve gereksinimler mevcuttur., frekans yanıtı, fiber optik servis ömrü, alarm olasılığı, yanlış alarm olasılığı, izleme mesafesi, konumlandırma doğruluğu, ve çalışma sıcaklığı.

Supplement to the New Application Trends of Distributed Fiber Optic Systems

With the further development of technology, the application scenarios of distributed fiber optic sensing systems are constantly expanding and extending. In the field of urban rail transit, the health status of subway tunnel structures can be monitored. By laying distributed fiber optic sensors inside or around the tunnel walls, changes in key parameters such as strain and temperature of the tunnel can be sensed in real time. If there are structural deformations (possibly caused by geological changes, depremler, vesaire.) or temperature anomalies (such as fire hazards, vesaire.), the system can provide timely feedback data for the operator to take measures to prevent safety accidents from occurring. In the construction of smart grids, distributed fiber optic sensing systems can dynamically monitor ultra-high voltage transmission lines. They not only rely on traditional temperature monitoring to ensure the safe operation of the lines (as high line temperatures may increase line losses and make them prone to faults), but also monitor the mechanical properties of the lines (such as tension, gerilmek, vesaire.) by reflecting changes in fiber optic characteristics caused by physical quantities through fiber optik sensörler, making the entire power grid more intelligent and reliable. Ek olarak, there are potential applications and development prospects in the field of ocean engineering, such as monitoring submarine cables and monitoring the structural health of offshore oil platforms, to safeguard the development and utilization of marine resources.

Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature Sensing System

Fiber Bragg Grating sensing technology uses fiber Bragg gratings as sensing elements to measure physical quantities through optical fibers, and temperature sensing is a widely used sensing type. Fiber Bragg Izgara (FBG) is a frequency selective optical reflector made using the principle of fiber optics. Under the excitation of a light source, the optical signal reaches the grating through the fiber and is reflected back. The change in sensing quantity of the FBG can be determined from the reflected light intensity and wavelength distribution.

The principle of fiber optic grating temperature sensing is based on the change in grating Bragg wavelength caused by temperature changes. The reflected spectrum is captured by a CCD camera, ve yansıyan ışık sinyali, sıcaklık ölçümü elde etmek için bir sinyal işlemcisi tarafından işlenir. Kontrol sistemi açısından, Fiber Bragg ızgara algılama teknolojisine dayalı bir sıcaklık kontrol sistemi oluşturulmuşsa, esas olarak dört bölümden oluşur: sinyal edinimi, sinyal işleme, kontrol modülü, ve aktüatör. Sinyal toplama işlemindeki fiber Bragg ızgara sensörü, toplanan sinyalleri ön işleme için sinyal işleme modülüne iletir; Sinyal işleme modülü toplanan sıcaklığa dayanır ve sıcaklıkla ilgili kontrol için artımlı bir PID kontrol cihazı tarafından kontrol edilir.; Kontrol modülü gömülü bir sistemi benimseyebilir, Üst bilgisayarla iletişim kurabilen, Sıcaklık ve kontrol standartlarının gerçek zamanlı izlenmesini sağlayın, ve diğer gelişmiş uygulamaları geliştirmek için kullanılabilir; The executing mechanism includes DC motor, variable frequency motor, stepper motor, vesaire.

Fiber Bragg ızgaralı sıcaklık sensörleri have multiple advantages. İlk önce, it has high sensitivity, which is related to its sensing technology principle and can accurately sense temperature changes; ikinci olarak, it does not require an external power supply and is not affected by electromagnetic interference. Ek olarak, its probe can resist mechanical, elektromanyetik, and chemical interference well, and can reliably measure physical quantities in harsh environmental conditions such as oil and gas exploration (often with complex electromagnetic interference and possible chemical corrosion environments), havacılık (with various complex radiation and other interference sources in space and special requirements for equipment weight), tıbbi teşhis (with numerous surrounding devices in medical environments, karmaşık elektromanyetik ortamlar ve algılama ekipmanı güvenliğine yönelik yüksek gereksinimler), ve endüstriyel proses kontrolü (Endüstrideki elektromanyetik alan ortamlarından ve çeşitli kimyasal maddelerden etkilenir); Ve yüksek stabilite özelliklerine sahiptir, ışık yoğunluğundan ve lekelerden etkilenmez, küçük boyut gibi avantajların yanı sıra, hafif, hızlı tepki süresi, anti elektromanyetik girişim, ve güçlü korozyon direnci, Bu da onu çok çeşitli uygulama senaryolarında diğer sensör türlerinden daha rekabetçi kılıyor. Ek olarak, the Fiber Bragg ızgara sıcaklığı Faza duyarlı algılamaya dayalı algılama teknolojisinden bahsetmeye değer. Bu yaygın olarak kullanılan bir fiber Bragg ızgara sıcaklığı algılama teknolojisidir., FBG'nin yansıyan ışığına tutarlı bir şekilde müdahale etmek için bir interferometre kullanan (Fiber Bragg ızgarası) referans ışığı ile, böylece sensörün hassasiyeti ve stabilitesi artar. It has achieved ultra-high sensitivity at the sub millikelvin level, making it particularly suitable for precise measurement of small temperature changes, such as in biomedical imaging, mikroakışkanlar, and nanotechnology, and has broad application prospects.

Fiber Bragg Grating technology involves the supplementation of special materials

In the production and application of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensing systems, research and application of some special materials or structures are involved. The production of fiber optic gratings has special requirements, and the material composition of the fiber core and cladding needs to be precisely controlled in order to achieve the desired optical properties such as refractive index changes of the grating accurately. Örneğin, fibers doped with specific elements such as germanium can optimize the performance of gratings. In terms of sensing applications, research on coating materials on the surface of fiber Bragg gratings is also constantly deepening. Special coating materials can enhance the corrosion resistance of fiber Bragg gratings or improve their interaction with the detected substance. Örneğin, in some application scenarios of corrosion environment monitoring, by coating a corrosion-resistant and thermally conductive polymer coating, the grating itself is not corroded and the external temperature can be quickly transmitted to the grating area, making the measurement more accurate. There is also the selection and use of packaging materials for sensors. Suitable packaging materials can not only protect the fiber Bragg grating from working normally in complex external environments (such as high humidity, yüksek basınç, vesaire.), but also minimize the impact on thermal conductivity during fiber Bragg grating temperature measurement. Örneğin, composite materials with good sealing performance, appropriate thermal conductivity coefficient, and good rigidity and toughness can be used for packaging.

Overview of Fiber Optical Sensor Systems

Fiber optic sensor system is a sensing system based on optical fibers, including various types such as fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensing system, dağıtılmış fiber optik algılama sistemi, fiber optic grating temperature sensing system, vesaire. Each type has different characteristics in terms of principle, yapı, performans, vesaire. to adapt to different application scenarios.

Prensipte, ışığın bazı özelliklerinin modülasyonunu kullanmaktır (dalga boyu gibi, yoğunluk, faz, vesaire.) Işık, dış çevresel değişikliklerin bilgisini yansıtacak şekilde fiberde yayıldığında fiberin kendisi veya fiberin içindeki maddeler tarafından, böylece algılama ve ölçme amacına ulaşılır. Örneğin, Daha önce sözü edilen floresan fiber sıcaklık algılaması, floresans sonrası kızdırma ömrü ile sıcaklık arasındaki ilişkiye dayanmaktadır.; Dağıtılmış fiber optik algılama, ışık yoğunluğundaki veya dalga boyu değişikliklerindeki farklılıklar aracılığıyla sıcaklık veya gerilim gibi fiziksel nicelikleri ölçmek için Raman saçılması ve Brillouin saçılması gibi olgulardan yararlanır.; Fiber Bragg ızgara sıcaklığı algılama, sıcaklığı algılamak için ızgara Bragg dalga boyunda sıcaklığa bağlı değişikliklere dayanır.

Yapısal olarak, although there are differences among the systems, they are generally built around fiber optics. The fluorescent fiber temperature sensing system consists of a fluorescent material module at the top of the fiber, a fiber transmission part, and a signal demodulator to achieve temperature sensing and other functions; The entire network construction of the distributed fiber optic sensing system includes the fiber optic network layout in the operation, module components connected to the fiber optic network for different functions (such as acquisition, işleme, vesaire.), vesaire. The structure should ensure the ability to achieve continuous long-distance distributed measurement functions; The fiber optic grating temperature sensing system is built around the fiber optic grating, the relevant optical components for collecting and analyzing the reflected light from the grating, and the structure of the entire temperature sensing control system through additional circuit modules.

In terms of performance, the three systems face different evaluation metrics. The fluorescence fiber optic temperature sensing system focuses on the accuracy of measurement in different temperature ranges, the stability of the entire system (such as the important stability advantage of not requiring calibration and verification throughout the entire life), and the various properties of the probe (such as insulation, korozyon direnci, emniyet, vesaire.); The dağıtılmış fiber optik algılama system requires positioning accuracy, izleme mesafesi, frekans yanıtı, vesaire. for long-distance measurement, so that it can play a role in application scenarios such as long-distance and large-scale safety monitoring; Fiber Bragg ızgaralı sıcaklık algılama sistemi esas olarak sensörün hassasiyetine ve parazit önleme performansına odaklanır (elektromanyetik girişim gibi, kimyasal çevresel girişim, vesaire.), sensörün farklı hedef uygulama alanlarında kullanım kolaylığının yanı sıra (boyut ve ağırlığın kurulum ve özel ortamlarda kullanıma etkisi gibi, vesaire.).

Fiber optik sensör sistemleri endüstriyel imalat gibi çeşitli alanlarda geniş bir uygulama alanına sahiptir., enerji, iletişim, güvenlik ve güvenlik, havacılık, biyotıp, vesaire. elektromanyetik girişime direnme konusundaki doğal yeteneklerinden dolayı, birden fazla fiziksel büyüklüğü ölçmenin fizibilitesi, ve farklı ortamlara uyum sağlama. Örneğin, endüstriyel imalatta, sıcaklığın izlenmesi, gerilmek, and other conditions of equipment in complex electromagnetic field environments can be achieved using fiber optic sensor systems, thereby ensuring the automation of industrial production processes and timely warning and maintenance needs for monitoring equipment usage status; In the field of energy, monitoring and ensuring the safe operation of facilities such as oil and gas pipelines and power transmission lines can be improved through fiber optic sensor systems; In terms of security and safety, fiber optic sensing systems can be deployed around the perimeter and key facilities (such as nuclear power facilities) to enhance defense and monitoring capabilities.

Supplementary Development Trends of Fiber Optic Sensor Systems

With the development of materials science, optical technology and other related fields, fiber optic sensor systems are moving towards higher sensitivity, daha yüksek doğruluk, larger scale networking, and stronger adaptability to complex environments. New fiber optic materials are constantly being developed, which have advantages such as lower losses and higher optical performance, greatly improving the performance of fiber optic sensor systems in all aspects. Örneğin, the development of special optical fibers enables sensors to work accurately and stably in extremely harsh environments such as high temperatures and strong corrosion. In terms of multifunctional integration, future fiber optic sensor systems may not be limited to measuring a single physical quantity (Sıcaklık veya gerginlik gibi). A sensor system can simultaneously detect multiple physical quantities and perform comprehensive analysis to obtain more useful information. This requires further development in corresponding technologies such as integrated optics and intelligent algorithms. In terms of large-scale networking applications, with the development of new generation communication technologies such as 5G and the Internet of Things, fiber optik sensör sistemleri, as a monitoring method that can provide a large amount of raw data and has more advantages than traditional sensors, will play an increasingly important role in the construction of sensor networks for large-scale networking such as smart factories and smart cities in the future.

Comparison of various fiber optic sensor systems

 

1、 Comparison of Principle Characteristics

Fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensing system: With the help of fluorescent substances, the light characteristics of their fluorescence afterglow depend on temperature after being excited by specific light. The change in environmental temperature will cause a change in the decay mode of fluorescence afterglow, and temperature measurement can be achieved by detecting the length of fluorescence afterglow lifetime. This principle is based on the energy conversion and radiation characteristics between fluorescent substances and light, which is quite unique. Fiber optics mainly serve as channels for excitation light transmission and fluorescence transmission, and do not rely on the optical scattering or reflection phenomena of the fiber itself for sensing, unlike the other two systems. The sensitivity of the system under this principle can be adjusted according to the specific fluorescent substance selection and optimization algorithm, but in contrast, sıcaklık değişikliklerine tepkisi daha çok floresan maddenin doğal özelliklerine bağlıdır, ve teorik fiziksel mekanizma, ışık ve madde arasındaki mikroskobik etkileşimle doğrudan ilişkilidir..
Dağıtılmış fiber optik algılama sistemi: Sürekli bir izleme ortamı olarak fiber optiğin özelliklerinden tam olarak yararlanılması, Fiber optikte Raman saçılımı ve Brillouin saçılımı gibi doğrusal olmayan optik efektlerin kullanılması. Raman saçılma mekanizması altında, Stokes ve anti Stokes bantları arasındaki geri saçılan ışık yoğunluğundaki fark, fiberin belirli bir konumundaki sıcaklığı belirlemek için ölçülür; Brillouin saçılması meydana geldiğinde, dış faktörlerin etkisine dayanır (sıcaklık ve gerginlik gibi) on the wavelength of the backscattered light wave to grasp the physical quantities such as strain of the optical fiber. This principle based on the inherent scattering phenomenon of optical fibers enables continuous and distributed monitoring of physical quantities along the fiber without the need for additional sensing substances or structures to be added to the fiber. This principle determines that its monitoring is a continuous information acquisition method distributed along the optical fiber, and can measure longer distances. Fakat, the physical principle determines that its overall accuracy will be affected by factors such as weak scattered signals and noise.
Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature Sensing System: It works based on the principle that temperature changes cause changes in the Bragg wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating. This wavelength change is very precise, and temperature changes can be perceived by measuring the wavelength or spectral changes of reflected light. The core component, Fiber Bragg ızgarası, is a periodic refractive index changing structure artificially manufactured in optical fibers. It is precisely this structure that produces specific reflection patterns for light and is significantly affected by temperature. The principle of wavelength modulation of light reflection based on specific optical structures enables sensors to have high accuracy and stability, and can be integrated with other optical systems to achieve higher sensitivity detection. Fakat, due to the complexity and stability requirements of grating structure fabrication, the system may face certain application limitations in terms of large-scale production costs or harsh environments (where Bragg wavelength is affected by external factors and there is a risk of non temperature induced deviation).

2、 Comparison of structural complexity

Fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensing system: The structure is relatively simple. It mainly consists of three parts: sonda (multimode fiber and top fluorescent material), transmission fiber, and signal demodulator. Fluorescent substances exist solely at the top of the optical fiber, directly receiving excitation light from the transmission fiber and transmitting the excited fluorescence to the demodulator through the fiber. This type of device structure is relatively simple and functionally clear, with clear modularity between different parts and a simple and straightforward manufacturing process. Aynı zamanda floresan maddelerin entegre edilmesini ve bunların fiber uçlarına bağlanmasını da içermesine rağmen, genel karmaşıklık yüksek değil. Büyük ölçekli üretim sürecinin kontrolü nispeten kolaydır, iyi bir uyumluluğa sahip, ve kullanım için farklı problarla esnek bir şekilde birleştirilebilir. Çeşitli basit veya karmaşık ortamlarda ölçüm için probları düzenlemek uygundur.
Dağıtılmış fiber optik algılama sistemi: yapısal olarak daha karmaşık. Sistem, fiber optik ağlar etrafında çok işlevli bir tespit ve analiz sistemi kurmuştur.. Optik fiberlerin seçiminden ve döşenmesinden (Farklı ortamlardaki lif özelliklerindeki farklılıklar göz önüne alındığında, sıradan iletişim optik kablolarının ve diğer kaynak kullanım yöntemlerinin kullanımı dahil), to the distributed installation of numerous sensing and monitoring area positioning and analysis modules along the fiber optic cables. It not only includes basic signal generation and transmission, but also involves complex optical signal detection, optical wave signal demodulation and analysis under the influence of various physical quantities. Örneğin, optical path modules that require splitting and interference processing, as well as complex electronic signal processing parts that involve high-speed DSP processing and analysis of vibration signals to achieve precise positioning and event judgment, multiple functional modules in the entire network system work together to achieve distributed monitoring and analysis of various physical quantities such as temperature and strain over long distances across regions. Öyleyse, the structural complexity is relatively high. Once a fault or performance degradation occurs in a certain link of this structure, the troubleshooting and repair process is relatively cumbersome, but once it is successfully constructed, it can play a powerful distributed monitoring function.
Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature Sensing System: The structure is of moderate complexity. The core is the fiber optic grating component, and the production of fiber optic gratings itself requires specialized processes such as photolithography. Fakat, compared to distributed fiber optic sensing systems, its structure is relatively simple because it does not require complex distributed monitoring multi-point processing mechanisms. Fakat, when forming a complete temperature sensing system, it is also necessary to cooperate with a light source and devices for processing and analyzing reflected light (such as CCD cameras, sinyal işlemcileri, and other equipment used to collect and process light signal changes based on grating reflection to obtain temperature information). Ek olarak, when building a temperature control system, it is necessary to add components such as control modules and actuators to achieve overall control functions. Although the number of components is not as numerous as that of distributed fiber optic sensing systems, the overall structure requires accurate matching and collaborative work between fiber Bragg grating related optical components and auxiliary circuit control, algılama, and other links. There are also certain complexity requirements during system integration and debugging.

3、 Comparison of performance indicators

Fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensing system:
Ölçüm doğruluğu: The measurement accuracy of the system can be adjusted according to different needs, and the commonly used accuracy range covers ± 0.05 °C – ± 1 °C. Different products, application scenarios, vesaire. will adopt different accuracy levels, but overall, it can meet the needs of many industries and some special scenarios within a certain range. Fakat, its accuracy still depends relatively on factors such as the stability of the fluorescent substance and the degree of optimization of the measurement algorithm. Compared with fiber Bragg grating sensors, there may be a gap of 1 in the high-precision field.
Ölçüm aralığı: The temperature measurement range is relatively wide, divided into four sections: -40 °C -+80 °C- 40°C – +250°C；- 40°C – +400°C；+ 20 °C -+60 °C (tıbbi), able to adapt to temperature range requirements from cold to high temperature, from ordinary civilian environments to special medical and health environments, and many other usage scenarios.
Parazit önleme performansı: Strong anti electromagnetic interference ability. Optik fiberin kendisinin elektriksel yalıtımı ve floresan maddelerin iç lüminesans ve algılama prensibinin elektromanyetik girişimle ilgili olmaması nedeniyle, yüksek voltaj ve karmaşık elektromanyetik alan ortamlarında bile stabil şekilde çalışabilir (örneğin enerji trafo merkezleri içindeki yüksek gerilim ekipmanlarının yakınındaki ekipmanların sıcaklığının izlenmesi gibi). Aynı zamanda, Tamamen fiber optik prob, herhangi bir metal parçayı aşındırmadığı için çeşitli aşındırıcı ortamlara uyum sağlayabilir. Bu anti-parazit avantajı aynı zamanda onu farklı elektrik ortamlarına son derece uyarlanabilir hale getirir., manyetik, ve kimyasal ortamlar, kimya atölyelerinde malzeme sıcaklığının ölçülmesi gibi.
Dağıtılmış fiber optik algılama sistemi:
Ölçüm doğruluğu: Doğruluk açısından, Raman ve Brillouin saçılması gibi karmaşık fiziksel mekanizmaları nedeniyle nispeten sınırlıdır., as well as various factors such as environmental noise and changes in fiber performance. In temperature measurement, although long-distance and large-scale monitoring can be achieved, the accuracy is relatively poor compared to specialized high-precision temperature sensors. Örneğin, in the safety monitoring of long-distance oil pipelines, the main requirement for temperature accuracy is to detect a large range of temperature anomalies, and the requirement for absolute accuracy of temperature numerical accuracy is not a necessary condition.
Ölçüm aralığı: It can have a large adaptability range in temperature and strain monitoring, but the specific values often depend on various factors such as the type of optical fiber, the light source used in the system, and the detection device. Örneğin, it can be used to monitor structural strain and temperature strain caused by relevant parameters in industrial environments ranging from room temperature to a certain high temperature or low temperature.
Parazit önleme performansı: The ability to resist electromagnetic interference is an important advantage, as it can work in strong electromagnetic field environments without interference. Aynı zamanda, optical fiber itself is a passive sensing and transmission medium, so it can work safely in some dangerous areas (such as underground coal mines for monitoring tunnel structures and temperature to prevent gas explosions and other hazards, without electrical risks such as electric sparks). Fakat, relatively speaking, it is more sensitive to damage to the fiber itself or environmental interference (such as excessive stretching and bending of the fiber, large fluctuations in local environmental temperature along the fiber, and measurement effects on scattered signals). Although there are many methods in design to reduce this impact, stability remains a challenge in performance evaluation.

Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature Sensing System:

Ölçüm doğruluğu: It has high measurement accuracy, which is based on the principle of extremely precise temperature modulation of fiber Bragg grating wavelength. Örneğin, it can demonstrate its advantages in scenarios that require high precision, such as precision equipment and temperature monitoring of small areas within living organisms. It can achieve ultra-high sensitivity detection at sub millikelvin level, and provide accurate data in temperature monitoring of precision instruments and equipment, as well as detection scenarios where temperature changes are extremely subtle in the biomedical field.
Ölçüm aralığı: Although it can meet the needs in many scenarios, it poses significant challenges to the stability of optical materials and grating structures in extreme high or low temperature conditions, and its measurement range is not as wide as that of fluorescent fiber temperature sensing systems. Fakat, special manufacturing and optimized design for different fiber Bragg gratings can partially expand the measurement range to meet the needs of more types of scenarios.
Parazit önleme performansı: Strong anti electromagnetic interference ability, due to its current not requiring external connection and stable optical reflection measurement principle, it is less affected by external electromagnetic interference. Capable of monitoring temperature stability in normal industrial environments, medical equipment electronic environments, and some basic scientific research environments where multiple electromagnetic devices coexist. Fakat, due to its relatively more precise structure, fiber Bragg gratings may affect their measurement performance under some external conditions (such as significant physical impact or strain that may damage the grating structure). Fakat, under normal circumstances, as long as obvious physical damage risks are avoided, the overall anti-interference ability is strong.

Fiber optik sıcaklık sensörü, Akıllı izleme sistemi, Çin'de dağıtılmış fiber optik üreticisi