Penderia suhu gentian optik INNO ,sistem pemantauan suhu.
The method of using fiber optic temperature measurement for transformers is to install fluorescent fiber optic sensors or fiber optic grating sensors at key parts of the transformer, seperti belitan dan teras besi, and then determine the temperature by detecting changes in fluorescence lifetime or reflection wavelength.
1. Principle of Transformer Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement
Transformer fiber optic temperature measurement is a temperature detection method based on fiber optic sensing technology, and its principle is as follows:
Principle based on fluorescence characteristics
Fluorescent fiber optic sensor is a commonly used method for temperature measurement of transformer fibers. This sensor consists of multimode optical fibers and a fluorescent object mounted on top of it. Bahan pendarfluor mengeluarkan tenaga pendarfluor apabila dirangsang oleh cahaya dengan panjang gelombang tertentu (seperti cahaya ungu biru). Selepas pengujaan dibatalkan, kegigihan cahaya pendarfluor bergantung pada ciri-ciri bahan pendarfluor, faktor suhu persekitaran, dll., dan pendarfluor teruja ini biasanya mereput secara eksponen, dengan pemalar masa pereputan dipanggil seumur hidup pendarfluor atau masa pendarfluor selepas bercahaya 7. Pada suhu persekitaran yang berbeza, pereputan cahaya pendarfluor berbeza-beza, dan semakin tinggi suhu, semakin pendek jangka hayat pendarfluor. Dengan mengesan hayat pendarfluor, nilai suhu boleh ditentukan secara tidak langsung. Contohnya, dalam pengukuran suhu gentian optik pengubah jenis kering, yang penderia suhu gentian optik pendarfluor menggunakan prinsip ini. Probe dibenamkan di dalam penebat belitan dan terus menghubungi konduktor belitan. Apabila suhu belitan berubah, jangka hayat pendarfluor bahan pendarfluor berubah dengan sewajarnya, yang dikesan oleh sensor.
Mengambil teknologi pengukuran suhu gentian optik Fuzhou Yingnuo Technology sebagai contoh, teknologi pengukuran suhu pendarfluor penggulungan pengubahnya menggunakan tenaga yang diserap oleh molekul pendarfluor apabila pancaran cahaya teruja memasuki penggulungan, dan mengeluarkan isyarat pendarfluor. Dengan mengukur jangka hayat isyarat pendarfluor, suhu belitan boleh ditentukan secara tidak langsung.
Prinsip Kisi Fiber Bragg
Fiber Bragg Grating ialah peranti penapisan pasif yang dibentuk dengan memodulasi indeks biasan teras gentian secara berkala. Untuk penderia suhu parut gentian optik, apabila suhu berubah, the grating period and core refractive index of the fiber optic grating will change, resulting in a drift in the reflected wavelength. By detecting changes in reflection wavelength, temperature variation information can be obtained. Dalam transformer, installing fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors on key parts such as windings and iron cores can sense temperature changes in these parts in real time. The fiber optic grating power transformer temperature measurement system adopts advanced fiber optic grating temperature measurement technology, which uses the change in reflected wavelength of fiber optic grating under temperature to measure the temperature of the transformer. This technology has the advantages of high insulation, not affected by electromagnetic environment, sesuai untuk jarak jauh, penghantaran isyarat berkualiti tinggi, dan ketepatan pengukuran yang tinggi. It is suitable for use in high voltage and strong magnetic field environments such as electricity.
2. Steps of Transformer Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement Method
Preliminary preparation work
Determine temperature measurement requirements and locations: Pertama sekali, it is necessary to clarify which parts of the transformer need to be measured for temperature. Contohnya, for oil immersed transformers, it may be necessary to measure the temperature of windings, teras besi, and oil passages; Untuk transformer jenis kering, the focus may be on the winding temperature. Determine the specific temperature measurement point location based on the type of transformer, persekitaran operasi, and safety requirements. Contohnya, if there is concern about the insulation performance being affected by overheating of transformer windings, it is necessary to install fiber optic sensors near the windings.
Choose appropriate fiber optic temperature measurement equipment: Select fiber optic temperature sensors, termometer gentian optik, and other equipment based on factors such as temperature measurement range, keperluan ketepatan, and environmental adaptability. If in a high-temperature environment, it is necessary to choose fiber optic sensors that can withstand high temperatures and have high measurement accuracy; If it is in a strong electromagnetic interference environment, priority should be given to using equipment with strong anti electromagnetic interference capabilities, such as fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors, which have anti electromagnetic interference characteristics.
Periksa integriti peralatan: Before installation, it is necessary to inspect the fiber optic temperature measurement equipment, including whether the fiber optic is damaged and whether the sensor is working properly. For optical fibers, it is necessary to check whether there are cracks or breaks in their appearance; For sensors, professional testing tools can be used to check their functionality, such as inputting standard temperature signals to see if the sensor’s output meets expectations.
Installation of Fiber Optic Sensors
Handling of installation location: If there is oil, habuk, or other impurities at the location where the fiber optic sensor is installed, it needs to be cleaned first to ensure that the sensor can accurately measure temperature. Contohnya, in oil immersed transformers, if the sensor is to be installed near the oil passage, it is necessary to prevent impurities in the oil from affecting the contact between the sensor and the measured object.
Sensor fixation: Use appropriate fixing fixtures to install the fiber optic sensor in the predetermined position. If measuring winding temperature, it is necessary to ensure good contact between the sensor and the winding surface in order to accurately sense temperature changes. For the installation of fiber optic sensors in dry-type transformers, attention should be paid to avoiding mechanical damage to the sensors during the installation process, and ensuring that the sensors are firmly fixed and will not be displaced due to the vibration of the transformer. Pada masa yang sama, it is important to maintain the normal curvature of the fiber optic sensor and avoid excessive bending that can cause damage to the fiber optic. Accessories such as fiber optic protective sleeves can be used for protection.
Fiber optic connection and wiring
Fiber optic connection: Connect the fiber optic cable to the thermometer, and be careful to protect the fiber core during the connection process to avoid damage. Contohnya, when connecting optical fibers, specialized fiber connectors should be used and the correct connection steps should be followed to ensure a stable and reliable connection. When plugging or unplugging fiber optic connectors, avoid applying excessive force to prevent damage to the fiber core.
Fiber optic cabling: Plan the routing path of fiber optic cables to avoid external compression, pulling, or wear as much as possible. If wiring is required around the transformer, it should be kept away from the heating components of the transformer to prevent the performance of the optical fiber from deteriorating due to high temperatures. Pada masa yang sama, for longer fiber optic cabling, it is necessary to do a good job of fixing and labeling to facilitate subsequent maintenance and repair.
Pengujian dan Penentukuran
Functional verification: After completing the installation of the fiber optic cable, use a thermometer for functional verification. By measuring the ambient temperature and calibrating the temperature, ensure the accuracy and stability of the thermometer. Contohnya, a standard object with a known temperature can be placed near a fiber optic sensor to check if the temperature displayed by the thermometer matches the actual temperature of the standard object. If there is a deviation, the thermometer needs to be calibrated.
System overall testing: Test the entire fiber optic temperature measurement system, including whether the data acquisition, penularan, and processing of multiple sensors working simultaneously are normal. Check whether the data can be accurately transmitted to the backend monitoring system and whether the temperature values of each temperature measurement point can be displayed correctly in the monitoring system.
3. Recommended Transformer Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement Equipment
pendarfluor sensor suhu gentian optik
characteristic
Keupayaan anti-gangguan yang kuat: Due to its optical principle for temperature measurement, it is not affected by the strong electromagnetic field inside the transformer and can accurately measure temperature in high voltage and strong magnetic field environments. Contohnya, in large substations, transformers are surrounded by complex electromagnetic environments, and fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors can work stably, providing reliable data for transformer temperature monitoring.
Pengukuran suhu berketepatan tinggi: Using the nonlinear relationship between fluorescence signal and temperature for temperature measurement can achieve high temperature measurement accuracy. Research has shown that its accuracy can reach 0.1 ijazah. This high-precision measurement helps to detect small changes in transformer temperature in a timely manner and provide early warning of potential fault risks.
Comprehensive temperature measurement capability: Ia boleh mencapai pengukuran suhu komprehensif belitan pengubah tanpa terjejas oleh kerosakan tempatan atau keadaan kerja yang kompleks, dan juga boleh melakukan pemantauan suhu masa nyata dan berterusan. Semasa operasi pengubah, taburan suhu boleh dipantau dengan tepat sama ada dalam operasi biasa atau dalam kes keadaan tidak normal seperti terlalu panas setempat.
Kes permohonan: Penderia suhu gentian optik pendarfluor Fuzhou Yingnuo Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. digunakan secara meluas dalam pemantauan suhu transformer jenis kering dan transformer tenggelam minyak. Dalam transformer jenis kering, sensor ini boleh menyesuaikan diri dengan persekitaran operasi khasnya dan mengukur suhu penggulungan pengubah dengan tepat; Dalam transformer terendam minyak, perubahan suhu dalam belitan dan laluan minyak juga boleh dipantau dengan tepat.
Penderia Suhu Grating Fiber Bragg
characteristic
Penebat tinggi dan kestabilan: Kisi gentian Bragg sendiri diperbuat daripada gentian optik dan mempunyai prestasi penebat yang baik, yang boleh berfungsi dengan selamat dalam persekitaran voltan tinggi. Dan kestabilannya adalah baik, dan hasil pengukuran tidak mudah dipengaruhi oleh faktor luaran. Contohnya, dalam transformer voltan tinggi dalam sistem kuasa, penderia suhu parut Bragg gentian boleh berfungsi dengan stabil untuk masa yang lama, menyediakan jaminan untuk operasi selamat transformer.
Ketepatan dan kepekaan tinggi: Ia mempunyai kepekaan yang tinggi terhadap perubahan suhu, boleh mengesan perubahan suhu kecil dengan tepat, dan mempunyai ketepatan pengukuran yang tinggi. Ini membolehkan pengesanan tepat pada masanya peningkatan suhu tidak normal dalam pemantauan suhu pengubah, dan langkah-langkah yang sepadan boleh diambil untuk mengelakkan kegagalan transformer daripada berlaku.
Distributed measurement can be achieved: temperature measurements can be taken at multiple points along the axis of the fiber Bragg grating, and temperature information at different locations can be obtained by analyzing the reflected wavelength. The distributed measurement feature is very advantageous for comprehensive temperature monitoring of large transformers, as it can obtain temperature data of multiple key parts at once.
Kes permohonan: The fiber Bragg grating temperature online monitoring system is applied to temperature monitoring of power transformers. This system utilizes the characteristics of fiber Bragg gratings to monitor the temperature changes of transformers in real time, and can transmit data to the monitoring center through the network, making it convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to monitor the operating status of transformers.
4. Analysis of Transformer Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement Example
Example of Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement for Dry type Transformers
Composition and installation of temperature measurement system: A certain dry-type transformer adopts a sistem pengukuran suhu gentian optik pendarfluor. The system consists of a fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensor, gentian optik, and thermometer. The sensor is installed inside the insulation of the winding and in direct contact with the winding conductor. The optical fiber transmits the temperature signal collected by the sensor to the thermometer. Semasa proses pemasangan, in order to ensure the normal operation of the sensor, the installation position was carefully selected to avoid external electromagnetic interference and mechanical damage. Contohnya, installing the sensor in the middle of the winding can better reflect the average temperature of the winding. Pada masa yang sama, special fixing fixtures are used to ensure close contact between the sensor and the winding when installing the sensor. A protective sleeve is also placed on the outside of the optical fiber to prevent damage during the operation of the transformer.
Temperature monitoring and fault warning: Semasa operasi, the thermometer monitors the temperature of the transformer winding in real time. When the temperature rises to the set warning value, the system will issue a warning signal. Contohnya, when the winding temperature reaches 120 ° C, a warning will be issued. Once the temperature approaches this value, a warning message will be sent to the operation and maintenance personnel through an audible and visual alarm or remote communication interface, reminding them to pay attention to the operation status of the transformer and check for overload, poor heat dissipation, and other issues. If the temperature continues to rise and reaches the trip value (seperti 150 ° C), the system will control the transformer to trip to protect it from further damage.
Effect evaluation: Through long-term operation monitoring of the dry-type transformer fiber optic temperature measurement system, it was found that the system can accurately measure the winding temperature with an error within ± 0.5 ° C. Compared with the traditional PT100 temperature measurement method, the fiber optic temperature measurement system has higher accuracy and better anti-interference ability. In actual operation, there was once a situation where the temperature of a transformer increased due to a cooling fan failure. The fiber optic temperature measurement system promptly issued a warning signal, and the operation and maintenance personnel quickly took measures to repair the cooling fan after receiving the notification, avoiding accidents where the transformer was damaged due to overheating.
5. Example of Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement for Oil Immersed Transformers
Temperature measurement system and installation location: A temperature monitoring system based on fiber Bragg grating is installed on a certain oil immersed transformer. The fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor in the system is installed on the high and low voltage windings of the transformer, connected to the optical fiber through a fiber junction box, and transmits the collected temperature signal to the background monitoring system. When installing sensors, considering the oil flow and electric field distribution inside the oil immersed transformer, the sensors are installed near the oil passage support of the winding. This allows the sensors to better sense the temperature changes of the winding, while also avoiding damage caused by direct impact of oil flow on the sensors.
Analysis and application of temperature data: The backend monitoring system analyzes and processes the collected temperature data. Di satu pihak, it can display the temperature of various parts of the transformer in real time, and operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively view the temperature distribution through the monitoring interface; Sebaliknya, by analyzing the historical records of temperature data, the operating status and fault risk of transformers can be predicted. Contohnya, if it is found that the temperature of a winding continues to rise for a period of time, and the increase exceeds the normal range, it may indicate that there is a local overheating problem in the winding, and further inspection is needed to check for potential faults such as inter turn short circuits.
Actual benefits reflected: During the operation of the oil immersed transformer, sistem pengukuran suhu gentian optik memainkan peranan penting. Contohnya, semasa tempoh suhu tinggi pada musim panas, apabila beban transformer besar, pemantauan masa nyata sistem pengukuran suhu gentian optik membolehkan kakitangan operasi dan penyelenggaraan melaraskan beban pengubah tepat pada masanya, mengelakkan berlakunya suhu tinggi yang disebabkan oleh operasi beban berlebihan jangka panjang. Pada masa yang sama, semasa penyelenggaraan biasa transformer, masalah kepanasan melampau penggulungan yang berpotensi ditemui melalui analisis data suhu. Selepas pemeriksaan lanjut, didapati bahawa rintangan tempatan meningkat disebabkan oleh penuaan penebat belitan, causing heating. Oleh kerana pengesanan dan pengendalian isu ini tepat pada masanya, potensi kegagalan transformer telah dielakkan, memastikan operasi sistem kuasa yang stabil.
6. Precautions for Transformer Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement
Langkah berjaga-jaga semasa pemasangan
Pemasangan sensor
Ketepatan kedudukan: Apabila memasang sensor gentian optik, pastikan ia dipasang pada kedudukan yang telah ditetapkan dan tepat. Untuk bahagian pengubah yang berlainan, seperti belitan, teras besi, dll., taburan suhu dan corak variasi pada setiap kedudukan adalah berbeza. Jika kedudukan pemasangan sensor menyimpang, ia boleh menyebabkan keputusan pengukuran tidak menggambarkan suhu sebenar kawasan itu dengan tepat. Contohnya, semasa mengukur suhu titik panas berliku, jika sensor dipasang terlalu jauh dari kawasan hotspot, ia mungkin memandang rendah suhu maksimum penggulungan dan gagal mengesan potensi risiko pemanasan melampau tepat pada masanya.
Ketegasan tetap: Use appropriate fixing methods and accessories to firmly fix the sensor in the installation position. Transformers will generate vibration during operation. If the sensor is not firmly fixed, displacement may occur, affecting the accuracy of measurement and even causing poor contact between the sensor and the measured object, making it impossible to measure temperature normally. Contohnya, in dry-type transformers, if the fiber optic sensor is not firmly fixed on the winding, it may rub against the insulation layer of the winding during transformer vibration, which not only affects temperature measurement but also may damage the insulation performance of the winding.
Avoid damaging the optical fiber: During the installation of sensors and wiring, special attention should be paid to protecting the optical fiber. Fiber optic is a key component for transmitting temperature signals. If the fiber optic is broken, bent with a small radius, or scratched, it may cause signal transmission interruption or attenuation, thereby affecting the normal operation of the temperature measurement system. Contohnya, when optical fibers pass through holes in transformer casings, if the edges of the holes are not smoothed, the fibers may be scratched.
Wiring planning
Stay away from interference sources: The wiring of optical fibers should be kept away from possible interference sources, such as strong electromagnetic fields in transformers, high-temperature components, dll. Strong electromagnetic fields may interfere with optical signals transmitted through optical fibers, and high-temperature components may degrade or even damage the performance of optical fibers. Contohnya, parallel wiring of optical fibers and high-voltage leads of transformers should be avoided to prevent electromagnetic interference with optical fiber signals; Pada masa yang sama, it is necessary to avoid placing the optical fiber near high-temperature components such as the heat sink of the transformer, to ensure that the optical fiber is within the normal working temperature range.
Reasonable path planning: It is necessary to plan the fiber optic cabling path well, making it as short as possible and easy to maintain. Long fiber optic cabling not only increases costs, but may also increase the risk of signal attenuation. During the wiring process, consideration should be given to the structure of the transformer and the surrounding environment to avoid squeezing, pulling, or other mechanical damage to the optical fibers. Contohnya, fiber optic wiring can be carried out along the bracket or trunking of the transformer, and fixed at regular intervals to prevent fiber optic shaking.
Precautions during operation
Pemeriksaan berkala
Equipment status inspection: Regularly inspect fiber optic temperature measurement equipment, termasuk sensor, thermometers, fiber optic connectors, dan komponen lain. Check whether the sensor is working properly and whether there is any damage or aging phenomenon; Check if the measurement accuracy of the thermometer still meets the requirements; Ensure that the fiber optic connector is securely connected without any looseness or oxidation issues. Contohnya, a functional test can be conducted on the fiber optic sensor every six months to compare it with a standard temperature source and check if the measurement error of the sensor is within the allowable range.
Pemeriksaan integriti gentian: Periksa sama ada gentian itu rosak, rosak, atau berkarat. Kehilangan penghantaran gentian optik boleh dikesan oleh penguji gentian optik. Jika peningkatan kehilangan penghantaran didapati, ia mungkin menunjukkan bahawa terdapat masalah dengan gentian optik dan penyiasatan lanjut mengenai titik kerosakan diperlukan. Pada masa yang sama, ia juga perlu untuk memeriksa sama ada penutup pelindung gentian optik adalah utuh. Jika penutup pelindung rosak, ia boleh mendedahkan gentian optik kepada persekitaran yang keras, meningkatkan risiko kerosakan.
Pemantauan dan analisis data
Pemantauan data masa nyata: Ia adalah perlu untuk memantau data suhu yang dikumpul oleh gentian optik sistem pengukuran suhu dalam masa nyata dan perhatikan trend perubahan suhu. Jika turun naik yang tidak normal ditemui dalam data suhu, such as sudden increases or decreases, timely analysis and processing should be carried out. Contohnya, when the temperature of a certain winding of a transformer suddenly rises, it may indicate problems such as overload, litar pintas, or poor heat dissipation in the winding, and the operation of the transformer needs to be checked immediately.
Historical data utilization: Analyzing the historical records of temperature data can help identify potential issues and fault trends in transformers. By statistically analyzing long-term temperature data, we can understand the temperature changes of transformers under different loads, suhu persekitaran, dan syarat lain, in order to predict possible fault situations in advance. Contohnya, if it is found that the winding temperature of a transformer approaches the warning value during the high temperature period every summer, it can be considered to inspect and maintain the transformer’s cooling system before the arrival of summer.
Sensor suhu gentian optik, Sistem pemantauan pintar, Pengeluar gentian optik yang diedarkan di China
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