광섬유 센서란?? Distributed fiber optic sensing and grating sensing-INNO

광섬유 감지란 무엇입니까??

광섬유 감지 기술은 구조와 관련된 변형률 및 온도 데이터를 수집하여 구조 및 열 모델을 검증합니다., 구조적 무결성 보장, 운영 효율성 향상.
광섬유 감지 및 기존 기술

스트레인 게이지와 열전대는 테스트 과정에서 스트레인과 온도를 측정하는 표준으로 오랫동안 사용되어 왔습니다.. 이러한 기술은 수십 년 동안 존재했지만, 오늘날의 혁신을 항상 효과적으로 테스트하고 모니터링할 수 있는 것은 아닙니다.. 레거시 기술의 한계는 정확성과 관련이 없습니다, 하지만 주로 데이터가 제공하는 통찰력 수준에 따라 결정됩니다.. 스트레인 게이지와 열전대는 정보 포인트만 제공합니다., while certain types of fiber optic sensors can provide spatially continuous data along the entire length of the fiber optic. 그러므로, engineers can measure the strain field and temperature distribution on the structure to better understand the behavior of components under different conditions. Point sensors only allow engineers to monitor key points, while distributed (spatial continuous data) sensors can measure key points and what happens between them. This insight is very valuable when designing new composite materials. 게다가, fiber optic sensors can be embedded in materials to better understand the internal behavior of composite components and structures.

Fundamentals of Fiber Optic Sensing

The inherent fiber optic sensing technology, in which the fiber optic cable itself is a sensor. In the division of internal sensors, there are generally three generations of technologies: point fiber Bragg grating (FBG) 기반 센서, 산란, and spatially continuous FBG. Scattering technology adopts fully distributed measurement, while FBG technology can have a small number of sensing points or complete distribution, depending on how the system interprets the signal from the sensing elements.

FBG acts as a tiny mirror and is manufactured into the core of optical fibers. When light propagates along the fiber optic, each grating reflects a portion of the signal back into the system. The system recognizes the changes in the return signal and interprets this information to provide accurate strain and temperature measurements. Most FBG based systems have some sensing points along each fiber. Although this multiplexing function is a major advancement in traditional technology, it still cannot provide the sensor density required for monitoring between critical areas. Some advantages of point FBG sensors include accuracy, the ability to perform dynamic testing, and high-speed data acquisition.

Scattering technology does not use FBG at all, but relies on defects in optical cables to obtain readings. 현재, three different types of scattering techniques are used in sensing systems, each with different functions. 일반적으로 말하면, scattering based fiber optic sensing systems benefit from distributed data and long sensing lengths. 하지만, they have low data fidelity, very slow data acquisition rates on the order of a few minutes, and are susceptible to vibration limitations when performing static operations.