distributed temperature sensing dts system-INNO

Introduction to the functions and principles of sistema di misurazione della temperatura distribuito in fibra ottica

Detection principle of sistema di monitoraggio della temperatura distribuito in fibra ottica

The principle of a fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing system is that as the temperature of the detection point changes, the intensity of Raman scattered light scattered in the opposite direction in the fiber optic also changes after applying a pulse laser. Poi, these scattered light are filtered and converted into electrical signals. This process converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, amplifies the electrical signal, and then converts it through the system to output data through a signal processor. The scattering velocity of Raman scattered light waves is constant, and the location of monitoring points is calculated by calculating the time it takes for the scattered waves to return. When a certain pulse laser is applied in the optical fiber, the laser photons have energy. After interacting with molecules, the molecules are excited and release a certain amount of energy. The energy difference between them causes a change in the frequency of the released photons. By sensing the change in this energy, the signal changes are displayed, and the temperature change at the monitoring point is calculated.

Principle of fiber optic sistema di rilevamento della temperatura distribuito

Fiber optic transmission refers to the transmission of information through the transmission of light through optical fibers. In physics, it can be understood that changes in the propagation medium occur during the propagation of light, and reflection and refraction occur when the refractive index of the propagation medium is not equal. In order to ensure minimal information transmission loss, it is necessary to achieve total reflection of light waves in optical fibers, and laser energy concentration has monochromaticity and directionality, so it can be used as a light source for this project. Considering the phenomenon of fiber dispersion, a shorter fiber length was designed to make the fiber as straight as possible to reduce energy loss, and a fixed frequency laser transmitter was selected. Attualmente, most optical fibers are made of quartz as raw material, and special data fibers are used to enhance Raman scattering, with a small amount of high concentration germanium added.

Hardware and software system hardware structure of fiber optic distributed temperature rilevamento

The optimization of system hardware is the foundation for improving temperature measurement systems, including sensing optical fibers, photoelectric conversion devices, information processors, and computers. Innanzitutto, improvements were made to the sensing optical fiber. In order to ensure the transmission of Raman scattering signals during the experiment, germanium was added to the quartz optical fiber, and the length of the fiber was shortened while making it as straight as possible. In secondo luogo, use laser emitters with small volume and high stability in high temperature and magnetic interference environments. In terzo luogo, replace commonly used photodiodes (PINs) with high gain avalanche photodiodes (APDs), and select the optimal operating point near the avalanche breakdown point to ensure both signal gain and sensitivity of the photoelectric converter. In quarto luogo, ottimizzare il circuito di amplificazione del segnale, migliorare la capacità di selezione della frequenza del circuito, migliorare la risoluzione del segnale e la capacità di amplificazione, riducendo al minimo il consumo energetico.

L'hardware del sistema è la base, e il software di sistema è una chiave indispensabile nel processo di rilevamento. Le variazioni di temperatura nei quadri ad alta tensione si verificano costantemente, quindi dovrebbe essere adottata la tecnologia di monitoraggio in tempo reale. I valori di avviso della temperatura devono essere impostati in base alla situazione reale, e i possibili pericoli dovrebbero essere monitorati e affrontati in modo tempestivo. Le variazioni di temperatura in ogni giorno lavorativo dovrebbero essere registrate, e dovrebbero essere effettuati analisi e trattamenti completi per stroncare il pericolo sul nascere. Utilizzo del sistema Windows e del database SQL, integrating multiple functions such as data management, data querying, monitoraggio in tempo reale, signal alarm, ecc., and being able to detect problems in the system, considering all possible faults.

The principle of temperature measurement system for fibra ottica distribuita sistema is that the system can continuously monitor the temperature inside the cabinet at fixed points and accurately measure the temperature changes of the measured points. This provides a basis for preventive maintenance of switchgear and reduces safety hazards.